Jorge has lost his car keys! He's not using a very efficient search; in fact, he's doing a
random walk. He starts at 0, and moves 1 unit to the left or right, with equal probability. On the next step, he moves 2 units to the left or right, again with equal probability. For subsequent turns he follows the pattern 1, 2, 1, 2 etc.
His keys, in truth, were right under his nose at point 0. Assuming that he'll spot them the next time he sees them, what is the probability that Jorge will eventually return to 0?
Note: For purposes of the problem, assume that Jorge is not looking while he is merely passing through a point. For example, he will not look for his keys while he passes through 0.
(In reply to
solution and exploration by Charlie)
As mentioned previously, the probability of an exact hit on each of the infinitely many passes through the origin is greater than the 1/3 originally quoted, and is probably greater than 1/2.
In fact, in addition to correcting the bug in the simulation that caused the jumps to be alternating 1's and 4's rather than 1's and 2's, I've also added a count of how many times the man has passed through the origin before hitting it exactly:
DEFDBL A-Z
RANDOMIZE TIMER
CLS
FOR trial = 1 TO 900
x = 0: mv = 1: ct = 0: hopCt = 0
DO
xSave = x
x = x + 2 * mv * (INT(RND(1) * 2) - .5)
IF xSave * x < 0 THEN hopCt = hopCt + 1
mv = 3 - mv
ct = ct + 1
LOOP UNTIL x = 0
hopTot(hopCt) = hopTot(hopCt) + 1
PRINT ct;
s = LEN(LTRIM$(STR$(ct)))
dCt(s) = dCt(s) + 1
' IF trial MOD 40 = 0 THEN PRINT "-": DO: LOOP UNTIL INKEY$ > ""
NEXT trial
PRINT
FOR s = 1 TO 10: PRINT dCt(s); : NEXT: PRINT
PRINT
FOR i = 0 TO 10: PRINT hopTot(i); : NEXT: PRINT
PRINT
8 123 16 3 40 42508 8 7 3 4 3 40 28 4 4 747 40 7 511 11 3
7 3 19 3 4 4 4 3 23 3 3 8 4 4 3 4 4 56 4 3 4 8 2012 3
11 11 3 28 3 8 835 3 4 4 520 3 32 3 12 4 12 3 24 3 3 84
359 15 3 3 19 12 4 11 4 55 51 8 72 11 3 12 4 4 4 4 468 20
4 4 3 52 8 4 3 3 19 3 160 3 79 4 4 3 4 4 7 3 4 4 3 15
8 20 4 3 4 3 3 84 591 36 11 4 55 7 4 4 11 15 8 4 11 4 3
476 8 3 4 8 4 4 3 11 68 12 15 7 3 8 23 812 3 8 3 7 8 3
20 7 7580 59 3 3 3 8 4 12 4 7 11 63 4 47 3 3 3 3 3 15 4
67 11 36 4 31 4 3 4 3 3 20 3 3 8 4 63 20 28 3 8 4 4 3 7
4 15 291 7 3 3 15 28 147 3 3 8 11 3 3 4 128 3 25932 2547 4
12 4 12 4 203 3 15 24 4 4 7 3 7 3 15 4 3 3 336 4 4 263 4
3 19 7 4 4 3 8 3 3 7 4 11 775 14200 19 3 855 56 1223 8 4
7 4 15 108 3 27 3 203 40 11 47 20 11 3 48 3 1680 4 8 4 3
4 4 7 16 4 19 11 3 139583 24 128 8 3 3 4 4 12 7 4 3 3 4
3 4 4 27 4 4 2427 12 3 4 7 7 151 44 4 7 7 4 7 4 4 4 71
8 3 4 11 28 52 19 23 3 16 7 3 3 4 4 11 4 7 1260 3 3 11
39 15 23 16 7 4 3 32 3 3 3 12 4 3 311 4 3 11 44 159 931 4
59 3 3 8 3 3 8 8 12 4 3 4 4 3 4 44 7 3 172 4916 16 1303
7 191 36 4 4 3 755 736 24 4 3 4 147 19 32 3 7 36 24 7 4 7
4 7 11 4 135 3 1172 2059 4 7 39 3 3 4 12 4 4 3 11 3 3 15
168 3 4 8 4 4 11 4 4 12 88 12 24 376 144 27 4 3 143 3092 8
3 7 407 27 16 7 12 3 4 40 19 112 3 8 3 3 8 3 4 4 7 3 16
4 3 4 52 4 3 3 8 4 8 3 3 2111 4 4 3 24 4 44 32 3 2907 3
19 4 8 3 12 8 3 167 4 8 3 16 8 3 3 232 15 11 11 7 4 23 4
4 15 544 3 8 4 3 104 355 36 4 3 19 40 4 139 16 3 4 3 40
15 16 7 20 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 4 11 4 3 59 3 3 4 55 4 4 3
11 4 4 3 3 4 39 16 263 19 19 4 11 167 327 27 12 4 3 8 1727
4 12 3 4 7 7 3 4 7 863 8 3 4 731 4 3 23 3 43 3 16 4 295
43 4 31 1703 79 3 11 11 3 3 12 4 20 4 4 4 8 111 32 88 3
367 3 39 4 11 3 3 3 4 12 4 131 24 3 4 111 3 107 55 4 8 3
8 260 4 3 11 232 3 3 7 12 12 23 4 3 3 15 4 3 3 3 4 36 3
12 4 4 179 7 20 3 156 3 4 464 4 3 8 8 16 60 3 131 4 3 3
144 4 52 4 3 4 3 3 3 4 63 8 76 8 27 2031 2240 24 20 3 56
56 3 11 44 3 3 23 4 3 3 4 207 3 47 7 3 8 4 4 63 171 1320
4 4 7 68 3 3 3 7 11 4 28 4 44 7 7 100 47 27 3 16 32 3 11
15 3 131 48 4 11 106668 4 4 8 1536 16 3 51 375 4 15 1975 107
51 4 12 100 584 3 8348 27 19 8 4 4 3 776 3 4 3 15 112 3 20
28 3 4 23 3 3 32 4 7 3 4 8 4 4 4835 28 3 3 408 4 15 4 4
16 7 20 28 16 15 4 4 156 3 7 3 4 3 32 4 12 8 4 4 340 8 3
3 8 79 7 447 3 3 64 32 4 31 52 263 35 7 3 11 32 3 3 47 7
12 3 3 20 3 4 4 4 43 3 3 75
# of digits
in # of moves: 1 2 3 4 5 6
545 250 77 23 3 2 0 0 0 0
# of missed passes
through origin
before hit: 0 1 2 3
371 505 22 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 4 3 1000 247 4 7 687 107 2083 319 3 12 8 7 4948 4 131 8
4 4 4 4 8 8 3 19 7 7 1000 3 3 3 52 128 704 35 3 7 3 3
492 20 4 172 24 3 4 4 331 99 19 4 4 4 8 184 4 219 132 3 7
19 4 11 12 12 4 660 3792 3 3 4 3 4 3 4 4 255 12 3 4 332 4
7 7 12 12 12 27 3 4 3 4 4 16 3 151 1060 4 4 15028 8 4 24
48 8 3 3 3 4 4 4 144 3 4 3480 7 4 4 39 139 4 23 3 8 116
3 156 24 4 7 8 4 92 3 4 4 3 7 3 99 19 8 4 4 3 8 3 47 4
39 3 8 4 3 3 3 25459 3 16 3 8 8 4 3 4 277032 8 3 8 4 3
11 15 7 4 3 11 3 136212 128 4 4 8 3 27 3 4 107 4 4 4 12 4
3 3 8 3 3 3 11 7 3 3 7 2815 36 4 15 43 8 3 24 275 28 3 7
4 4 4 12 4 24 3 4 4 4 3 7 395 4 4 4 4 4 108 3 4 4 4 4
7 3 3 3539 8 39 3 11 112 3 12 4 3 120 4 1111 23 897799 4 4
7 3 4 99 12 3 8 428 27 4 3 24 4 16 3 4 11 7 12 4 7 4 3
235 4 3 12 4 7 7 7 4 8 28 3 3 4 68 15 1871 4 4 4 32 4 11
8 208 3 24 3 3 7 152 19 3 3 7 4 4 99 19 960 3 219 68 1796
4 4 3 3 4 4 7 39 4 4 432 11 11 3 3 16 24 23 3 3 8 4 56
3939 4 3 20 7 16 3 44 3 3 4 4 18896 3 40 3 11 3 3 47 79 7
4 7 3 3 3 3 12 4 4 3 3 3 19 4 15 56 12 4 8 31 3 35 4 7
4 24 4 528 4 3 3 3 15 4 4 1524 8 12 3 3 11 7 16 3 3 204
8 15 3 12 3 4 4 4 3 7 116 7 16664 8 3 4 4 48364 4 4 4 24
7 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 8 3 12 4 316 80 3 4 7 4 8 52 3 4 15 8
27 539 3 1419 4 20 51 3859 3 71 12 12 4 4 20 4 4 3 192 4
11 4 3 4 3 3 16 3 4 3 3 3 8 80 8 23 3 3 3 8 3 3 3 3 8
3 3 4 4 3 4 11 4 4 7 3 7 8 32 3 3 3 492 4 3 11 7 4 12
3 4 36 15 3 12 3 60 4 7 3 3 4 15 4 36 11 8 7 8 4 3 27 4
4 4 3 24 15 3 15 4 4 4 8 43 4 4 3 3 7 4 24 7 7 31 4 4
4 12 855 1699 3 4 4 23 4 4 47 7 4 12 31 28 24 80 3 3 15 3
4 3 3 3 3 4 8 4 147 72 19 3 4 16 4 4 104 28855 7 3 3 4 4
3 3 4 159 12 4 3 3 12 4 108 8056 4 4 395 4 3 8 196 3 4 7
171 3 3 3 4 4 119 4 179 8 3 19 4 283 16 119 15 88 3 3 3 3
1215 4 7 1447 4 91 3 8 887 8 3 63 223 4 84 4 3 20 7 4 3 7
7 3 31 4 3 184 3 11 99 15 3 4 63 8 3 91 7 4 112 11 16 3
4 4 1588 4 12 4 4 19 8 3 4 8 8 3307 28 8 16 8 3 3 20 39
7 3 4 3 20 239 3 7 28 116 25443 235 340 472 400 116 4 3 8 3
3 4 23 3 103 3 3 4 7 4 3 31 23 4 3 3 4 15 4 76 3 4 4 8
3 11 207 24 152 47 12 3 3 132 3 7 635 56 3 235 87 7 4 3 7
3 6583 8 11 256 3 4 11 4 3 8 84 4 72 15 4 23 3 3 51 4 667
8 128 4 4 3 15 19 11 8 8 135 3 3 3 3 95 7 3 31 4 4 4 48
4 3 3 443 8 8 8 116 3 4 4 3 120 3 16 204 16 4 4 3 4 8 28
3 4 3 11 4 3 3 3 3 999 3 7 52 3 4 4 27 4 4 140 4 16 8
11 28 3 7 23 16
digits: 1 2 3 4 5 6
586 200 81 23 7 3 0 0 0 0
inexact passes: 0 1 2
343 534 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 4 3 1000 247 4 7 687 107 2083 319 3 12 8 7 4948 4 131 8
4 4 4 4 8 8 3 19 7 7 1000 3 3 3 52 128 704 35 3 7 3 3
492 20 4 172 24 3 4 4 331 99 19 4 4 4 8 184 4 219 132 3 7
19 4 11 12 12 4 660 3792 3 3 4 3 4 3 4 4 255 12 3 4 332 4
7 7 12 12 12 27 3 4 3 4 4 16 3 151 1060 4 4 15028 8 4 24
48 8 3 3 3 4 4 4 144 3 4 3480 7 4 4 39 139 4 23 3 8 116
3 156 24 4 7 8 4 92 3 4 4 3 7 3 99 19 8 4 4 3 8 3 47 4
39 3 8 4 3 3 3 25459 3 16 3 8 8 4 3 4 277032 8 3 8 4 3
11 15 7 4 3 11 3 136212 128 4 4 8 3 27 3 4 107 4 4 4 12 4
3 3 8 3 3 3 11 7 3 3 7 2815 36 4 15 43 8 3 24 275 28 3 7
4 4 4 12 4 24 3 4 4 4 3 7 395 4 4 4 4 4 108 3 4 4 4 4
7 3 3 3539 8 39 3 11 112 3 12 4 3 120 4 1111 23 897799 4 4
7 3 4 99 12 3 8 428 27 4 3 24 4 16 3 4 11 7 12 4 7 4 3
235 4 3 12 4 7 7 7 4 8 28 3 3 4 68 15 1871 4 4 4 32 4 11
8 208 3 24 3 3 7 152 19 3 3 7 4 4 99 19 960 3 219 68 1796
4 4 3 3 4 4 7 39 4 4 432 11 11 3 3 16 24 23 3 3 8 4 56
3939 4 3 20 7 16 3 44 3 3 4 4 18896 3 40 3 11 3 3 47 79 7
4 7 3 3 3 3 12 4 4 3 3 3 19 4 15 56 12 4 8 31 3 35 4 7
4 24 4 528 4 3 3 3 15 4 4 1524 8 12 3 3 11 7 16 3 3 204
8 15 3 12 3 4 4 4 3 7 116 7 16664 8 3 4 4 48364 4 4 4 24
7 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 8 3 12 4 316 80 3 4 7 4 8 52 3 4 15 8
27 539 3 1419 4 20 51 3859 3 71 12 12 4 4 20 4 4 3 192 4
11 4 3 4 3 3 16 3 4 3 3 3 8 80 8 23 3 3 3 8 3 3 3 3 8
3 3 4 4 3 4 11 4 4 7 3 7 8 32 3 3 3 492 4 3 11 7 4 12
3 4 36 15 3 12 3 60 4 7 3 3 4 15 4 36 11 8 7 8 4 3 27 4
4 4 3 24 15 3 15 4 4 4 8 43 4 4 3 3 7 4 24 7 7 31 4 4
4 12 855 1699 3 4 4 23 4 4 47 7 4 12 31 28 24 80 3 3 15 3
4 3 3 3 3 4 8 4 147 72 19 3 4 16 4 4 104 28855 7 3 3 4 4
3 3 4 159 12 4 3 3 12 4 108 8056 4 4 395 4 3 8 196 3 4 7
171 3 3 3 4 4 119 4 179 8 3 19 4 283 16 119 15 88 3 3 3 3
1215 4 7 1447 4 91 3 8 887 8 3 63 223 4 84 4 3 20 7 4 3 7
7 3 31 4 3 184 3 11 99 15 3 4 63 8 3 91 7 4 112 11 16 3
4 4 1588 4 12 4 4 19 8 3 4 8 8 3307 28 8 16 8 3 3 20 39
7 3 4 3 20 239 3 7 28 116 25443 235 340 472 400 116 4 3 8 3
3 4 23 3 103 3 3 4 7 4 3 31 23 4 3 3 4 15 4 76 3 4 4 8
3 11 207 24 152 47 12 3 3 132 3 7 635 56 3 235 87 7 4 3 7
3 6583 8 11 256 3 4 11 4 3 8 84 4 72 15 4 23 3 3 51 4 667
8 128 4 4 3 15 19 11 8 8 135 3 3 3 3 95 7 3 31 4 4 4 48
4 3 3 443 8 8 8 116 3 4 4 3 120 3 16 204 16 4 4 3 4 8 28
3 4 3 11 4 3 3 3 3 999 3 7 52 3 4 4 27 4 4 140 4 16 8
11 28 3 7 23 16
move digits: 1 2 3 4 5 6
586 200 81 23 7 3 0 0 0 0
Inexact passes: 0 1 2
343 534 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
Posted by Charlie
on 2009-01-18 13:24:31 |