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Right before the fifth race at Santa Anita, the word got out that one of these horses was going to win the race:
Lightning Bolt: a 2-1 shot
Golden Honey: a 3-1 shot
Matchmaker: a 4-1 shot

Assuming this tip is true, how much would Alex have to bet on each of the three horses to be assured of coming out with a $39 profit?

(No Solution Yet, 1 Comments) Submitted on 2024-03-18 by K Sengupta   
Difficulty: 3 of 5 Bonus: The Rebel IV (in Liars and Knights) Rating: 5.00
In planet Realmamber, the inhabitants are either Knights, who always speak truthfully; Liars, who always speak falsely; Knaves, who make statements that are alternately true and false, but in which order is unknown; or those few Rebels who do not abide by the planet's traditions.

How truthful a Rebel's statements are is unknown, except that they are not the same as those who are Knights, Liars, or Knaves. Thus, a rebel will never make just one or two statements; he will always make three or more.

The Realmamberians are favored by the God of Light, but he has not had any success in establishing meaningful dialogue with the inhabitants. He is aware that there are those among the Realmamberians who do not respect their traditional conventions regarding veracity. Perhaps, he might have better luck making contact with a Rebel.

The God of Light, in disguise, approaches four inhabitants, exactly one of whom is known to be a Rebel. As to the group or groups of other three speakers, little is known except that no more than one is a Knight.

The God of Light asks which one of the four is the Rebel. They each respond below:

Speaker A
  1. Two of us are Rebels.
  2. B is a Knight.
  3. B was a Rebel, but he has reformed.
  4. B’s third statement is true.
Speaker B
  1. I am neither a Liar nor a Knave.
  2. A’s first statement is true.
  3. D is a Knight and C is the Rebel.
  4. A is not the Rebel.
Speaker C
  1. D is the Knight.
  2. I am the Rebel.
  3. B’s second statement is false.
  4. D is neither a Knight nor a Knave.
Speaker D
  1. B is either a Knave or the Rebel.
  2. I am either a Knight or a Knave.
  3. C falsely claims to be the Rebel.
  4. A’s third statement is false.
The God of Light throws up his hands in frustration. It is time, he decides, for him to give up and return home to try to forget about the Realmamberians.

What group is represented by each of the four speakers?

(Solution Posted, 3 Comments) Submitted on 2010-01-30 by K Sengupta   
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