Even positions within the substrings are also even positions in the full concatenation, and the same is true of the odd positions. Counting the initial zero does not affect the result, and it's easier to consider it present in the concatenation.

There are  3,628,800 permutations of the ten digits and therefore  36,288,000 digits in the full concatenation. Most importantly, though, at each digit position in the groups of ten each of the ten digits will occur the same  362,880 times. Regardless of the number, all digit positions have the same total, so the sum in the odd positions is the same as the sum of the even positions, and are thus both congruent to zero mod 11 and so is the difference between the two.