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All the nines (Posted on 2022-04-07) Difficulty: 3 of 5

Let a be a prime of the form (2n+1), and let b be a prime of the form (2a+1), such that 1/b has an even period of length 2a, i.e. 0 followed by 2a decimal digits.

The 'splitadd' function splits these 2a digits into equal halves and adds them.

To give an (imaginary) example, say 1/b was 0.0123456789, then 'splitadd' would produce 01234+56789, and add these for a value of 58023.

Show that the result of the 'splitadd' function is always (10^a-1), or find a counterexample.

No Solution Yet Submitted by broll    
Rating: 5.0000 (1 votes)

Comments: ( Back to comment list | You must be logged in to post comments.)
re: possible computer solution(s) | Comment 2 of 9 |
(In reply to possible computer solution(s) by Charlie)

An partial annotated listing follows. The portion left out is rather boring; enough is left to get the idea:


     3     7
    verified
     5    11
    verified
     7    15
  b is not prime
    11    23
    verified
    13    27
  b is not prime
    17    35
  b is not prime
    19    39
  b is not prime
    23    47
    verified
    29    59
    verified
    31    63
  b is not prime
    37    75
  b is not prime
    41    83
    smaller period than 2a
    43    87
  b is not prime
    47    95
  b is not prime
    53   107
    smaller period than 2a
    59   119
  b is not prime
    61   123
  b is not prime
    67   135
  b is not prime
    71   143
  b is not prime
    73   147
  b is not prime
    79   159
  b is not prime
    83   167
    verified
    89   179
    verified
    97   195
  b is not prime
   101   203
  b is not prime
   103   207
  b is not prime
   107   215
  b is not prime
   109   219
  b is not prime
   113   227
    smaller period than 2a
   127   255
  b is not prime
   131   263
    verified
   137   275
  b is not prime
   139   279
  b is not prime
   149   299
  b is not prime
   151   303
  b is not prime
   157   315
  b is not prime
   163   327
  b is not prime
   167   335
  b is not prime
   173   347
    smaller period than 2a
   179   359
    smaller period than 2a
   181   363
  b is not prime
   191   383
    verified
   193   387
  b is not prime
   197   395
  b is not prime
   199   399
  b is not prime
   211   423
  b is not prime
   223   447
  b is not prime
   227   455
  b is not prime
   229   459
  b is not prime
   233   467
    smaller period than 2a
   239   479
    smaller period than 2a
   241   483
  b is not prime
   251   503
    verified
   257   515
  b is not prime
   263   527
  b is not prime
   269   539
  b is not prime
   271   543
  b is not prime
   277   555
  b is not prime
   281   563
    smaller period than 2a
   283   567
  b is not prime
   293   587
    smaller period than 2a
   307   615
  b is not prime
   311   623
  b is not prime
   313   627
  b is not prime
   317   635
  b is not prime
   331   663
  b is not prime
   337   675
  b is not prime
   347   695
  b is not prime
   349   699
  b is not prime
   353   707
  b is not prime
   359   719
    smaller period than 2a
   367   735
  b is not prime
   373   747
  b is not prime
   379   759
  b is not prime
   383   767
  b is not prime
   389   779
  b is not prime
   397   795
  b is not prime
   401   803
  b is not prime
   409   819
  b is not prime
   419   839
    smaller period than 2a
   421   843
  b is not prime
   431   863
    smaller period than 2a
   433   867
  b is not prime
   439   879
  b is not prime
   443   887
    smaller period than 2a
   449   899
  b is not prime
   457   915
  b is not prime
   461   923
  b is not prime
   463   927
  b is not prime
   467   935
  b is not prime
   479   959
  b is not prime
   487   975
  b is not prime
   491   983
    smaller period than 2a
   499   999
  b is not prime
         503        1007
  b is not prime
         509        1019
    smaller period than 2a
         521        1043
  b is not prime
         523        1047
  b is not prime
         541        1083
  b is not prime
         547        1095
  b is not prime
         557        1115
  b is not prime
         563        1127
  b is not prime
         569        1139
  b is not prime
         571        1143
  b is not prime
         577        1155
  b is not prime
         587        1175
  b is not prime
         593        1187
    smaller period than 2a
         599        1199
  b is not prime
         601        1203
  b is not prime
         607        1215
  b is not prime
         613        1227
  b is not prime
         617        1235
  b is not prime
         619        1239
  b is not prime
         631        1263
  b is not prime
         641        1283
    smaller period than 2a
         643        1287
  b is not prime
         647        1295
  b is not prime
         653        1307
    smaller period than 2a
         659        1319
    smaller period than 2a
         661        1323
  b is not prime
         673        1347
  b is not prime
         677        1355
  b is not prime
         683        1367
    smaller period than 2a
         691        1383
  b is not prime
         701        1403
  b is not prime
         709        1419
  b is not prime
         719        1439
    smaller period than 2a
         727        1455
  b is not prime
         733        1467
  b is not prime
         739        1479
  b is not prime
         743        1487
    smaller period than 2a
         751        1503
  b is not prime
         757        1515
  b is not prime
         761        1523
    smaller period than 2a
         769        1539
  b is not prime
         773        1547
  b is not prime
         787        1575
  b is not prime
         797        1595
  b is not prime
         809        1619
    smaller period than 2a
         811        1623
  b is not prime
         821        1643
  b is not prime
         823        1647
  b is not prime
         827        1655
  b is not prime
         829        1659
  b is not prime
         839        1679
  b is not prime
         853        1707
  b is not prime
         857        1715
  b is not prime
         859        1719
  b is not prime
 

...


        7703       15407
  b is not prime
        7717       15435
  b is not prime
        7723       15447
  b is not prime
        7727       15455
  b is not prime
        7741       15483
  b is not prime
        7753       15507
  b is not prime
        7757       15515
  b is not prime
        7759       15519
  b is not prime
        7789       15579
  b is not prime
        7793       15587
  b is not prime
        7817       15635
  b is not prime
        7823       15647
    smaller period than 2a
        7829       15659
  b is not prime
        7841       15683
    smaller period than 2a
        7853       15707
  b is not prime
        7867       15735
  b is not prime
        7873       15747
  b is not prime
        7877       15755
  b is not prime
        7879       15759
  b is not prime
        7883       15767
    smaller period than 2a
        7901       15803
    smaller period than 2a
        7907       15815
  b is not prime
        7919       15839
  b is not prime

For all the a values other than ten, up to the 10,000th prime, 104,729, either b was not prime or the period was smaller than 2a (typically just period a, but could be a/2^k, k being a non-negative integer).   

It looks like the conditions hold for only these 10 values of a, and in each case the conjecture is verified, though this doesn't constitute proof as perhaps there's a huge value of a for which b is prime but the conjecture fails.

Toward the high end, most were of a smaller period than 2a:

...

      103643      207287
    smaller period than 2a
      104033      208067
    smaller period than 2a
      104183      208367
    smaller period than 2a
      104231      208463
    smaller period than 2a
      104369      208739
    smaller period than 2a
      104393      208787
    smaller period than 2a
      104399      208799
    smaller period than 2a
      104561      209123
    smaller period than 2a
      104579      209159
    smaller period than 2a
      104729      209459
    smaller period than 2a
    

Edited on April 7, 2022, 10:20 am
  Posted by Charlie on 2022-04-07 10:16:27

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