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String of 3s (Posted on 2025-05-16) Difficulty: 3 of 5
A number written as a string of 32013 digit 3s. No other digit appears. Find the highest power of 3 which divides this number.

No Solution Yet Submitted by Danish Ahmed Khan    
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Solution re: my conjecture - a proof Comment 6 of 6 |
(In reply to my conjecture by Jer)

Lets prove this with basic induction.


Claim: If a number is represented by a string of 3^x of the digit 3, then the number is divisible by 3^(x+1).

Base case x=1.  Then the number is 333.  We expect 3^2 to divide the number.  333 factors into 3^2*37.  3^2 does in fact appear in the factorization of 333.  Base case established.

Inductive step.  Let M be the number represented by a string of 3^x of the digit 3 and similarly, N  be the number represented by a string of 3^(x+1) of the digit 3.
The inductive step is to assume M is divisible by 3^(x+1), and then show N must then be divisible by 3^(x+2).
N can be expressed as M*100..00100...001.  M is assumed to be a multiple of 3^(x+1).  100..00100...001 is congruent to 3 mod 9, so it is a multiple of 3 but not 9.  Therefore N is a multiple of 3^(x+1)*3 = 3^(x+2). Inductive step proved.

We have established the base case and proven the induction step holds, so the entire induction holds and we have proven the claim.

  Posted by Brian Smith on 2025-05-17 20:19:55
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