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Unusual binary representation (Posted on 2005-06-14) Difficulty: 3 of 5
Show that every positive integer is an alternating sum of strictly increasing powers of 2.

For example, 5=2^0 -2^2 +2^3 and 8=-2^3 +2^4 are alternating sums of strictly increasing powers of 2 (8=2^3 is ok too).

10=-2^1 -2^2 +2^4 is a strictly increasing sum but not alternating.

4=2^1 -2^1 +2^2 is alternating but not strictly increasing.

(author: prof Dan Shapiro of Ohio State University)

  Submitted by McWorter    
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Solution: (Hide)
Every positive integer can be written in base 2. An example should suffice to show how to construct a strictly increasing alternating sum of powers of 2 for any given positive integer. Suppose our number in base two representation is n=110011101. Consider the string of 3 consecutive 1's in this representation. If we add 1000 in base two to n we get

n=110011101

+ 100

___________

110100001

The sum has zeros where the string of 1's were in n and a 1 in the next higher place. So n=2^0+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^7+2^8=2^0+2^5+2^7+2^8-2^2=2^0-2^3+2^5+2^7+2^8. Almost done; must do something about 2^5+2^7+2^8. We can do the same thing we just did to the highest two consecutive powers of 2.

2^7+2^8= 110000000

+ 2^7= 10000000

__________________

1000000000

So 2^7+2^8=2^9-2^7, and we can now write n=2^0-2^3+2^5-2^7+2^9, an alternating sum of strictly increasing powers of 2. In general, replace sums of consecutive powers of 2 with the difference between the next higher power of 2 and the first power of 2 in the string.

Comments: ( You must be logged in to post comments.)
  Subject Author Date
re: a slightly different proofBob Smith2005-06-21 01:21:27
Solutiona slightly different proofPaul2005-06-18 01:46:25
provearmando2005-06-15 14:18:44
SolutionProof (Based on what was said earlier)Gamer2005-06-15 02:14:45
re(2): NegabinaryRichard2005-06-15 01:48:53
Some Thoughtsre: NegabinaryOld Original Oskar!2005-06-15 00:09:14
NegabinaryRichard2005-06-14 21:54:24
Some ThoughtsAnswere.g.2005-06-14 20:18:19
No SubjectJer2005-06-14 17:03:51
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