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Quiz Quandary III (Posted on 2014-07-15) Difficulty: 3 of 5
In a certain island, one-third of the native people are liars who always lie, one-third are knights who always tell the truth, and one-third are knaves that is, people who strictly alternate between speaking the truth and telling a lie, irrespective of order. The chances of encountering any one of the three natives on a road on the island are the same.

Four friends Art, Ben, Cal and Dan – who are natives of this island got the top four ranks in a certain quiz The following statements are made by each of Art, Ben, Cal and Dan.

Art
1. Exactly two of us are knights.
2. Ben got the first rank and Cal got the third rank.

Ben
1. Dan got the fourth rank.
2. Exactly one of us is a knave.

Cal
1. The absolute difference between Ben's rank and mine is 2.
2. Dan is not a liar.

Dan
1. Exactly one of us is a liar.
2. I am a knave.

Assuming no ties, determine the probability that:

(i) The absolute difference between Cal's rank and Dan’s rank is 1.
(ii) Exactly three of the four friends are liars.
(iii) Exactly two of the four friends are knaves.
(iv) At least one of the four friends is a knight.

*** For Art’s second statement - assume the entire statement is a lie if the whole statement or any of its parts thereof is false. For example- A2 is false if in reality Ben got the first rank and Cal got the fourth rank.

  Submitted by K Sengupta    
Rating: 4.0000 (3 votes)
Solution: (Hide)
part (i) 9.375/1944
part (ii) is 6/1944
part (iii), 3.75/1944
part (iv), .875/1944.
Decimal values are shown in the last column above.

For an explanation, refer to the solution submitted by Charlie in this location.

Comments: ( You must be logged in to post comments.)
  Subject Author Date
Solutionignore previous post: solution correcedCharlie2014-07-17 13:14:29
Some Thoughtscomputer solutionCharlie2014-07-17 12:33:20
Some Thoughtsre(4): One small step but still unclear.tomarken2014-07-17 10:08:45
re(3): One small step but still unclear.Steve Herman2014-07-16 20:24:02
Some Thoughtsre(2): One small step but still unclear.tomarken2014-07-16 12:06:54
re: One small step but still unclear.Steve Herman2014-07-16 10:54:54
Some ThoughtsOne small step but still unclear.tomarken2014-07-16 10:32:53
Some ThoughtsAssumptions neededSteve Herman2014-07-15 23:31:28
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