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Imaginary triangles (Posted on 2021-09-24) Difficulty: 4 of 5
Consider the set of cubic polynomials, x3 + (1-p)x2 + px + 1, p ∈ Z. Then consider the set of triangles formed by the roots of these polynomials in the complex plane. Find the value of p which maximizes the area of such triangles.

No Solution Yet Submitted by Danish Ahmed Khan    
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soln | Comment 3 of 5 |
I can confirm that the solution is indeed about 4.54197, 2.73602 for p, area_max.

The area goes to zero outside of p=(1/2)(1+/- 5 sqrt(5)) because all three roots are real there, so there is no triangle. The improved plot is here and program is here.

The form of the three roots as functions of p each contained a square root within a cube root. I had worried that the answer might depend of which roots were selected. (There are 2 x 3 = 6 possibilities.) It turned out that choosing different roots simply permuted the order of the three roots that the equation yielded: the 6 possible listings of the three roots. I probably should have expected that. 

And yes, as noted by Jer and myself, the complex roots come as a conjugate pair to make the base of an isosceles triangle tipped on its side.


Edited on October 3, 2021, 11:34 pm
  Posted by Steven Lord on 2021-10-03 17:11:26

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