Let T be an acute triangle. The area of T is denoted by
A. If the length of each side of T is an odd prime number, show that A2 − 3/16 is an integer.
This works for any sides which are odd integers (no need to be prime), provided it is a valid triangle, whether acute or obtuse. Let a,b,c be any integers.
Call sides 2a+1, 2b+1, 2c+1
Assuming this makes a valid triangle and therefore Heron's Formula is valid:
The semiperimeter = (2a+2b+2c+3)/2
A^2 = (1/16)(2a+2b+2c+3)(2a+2b-2c+1)(2a-2b+2c+1)(-2a+2b+2c+1)
This numerator expands to (thank you Wolfram Alpha)
-16 a^4 - 32 a^3 + 32 a^2 b^2 + 32 a^2 b + 32 a^2 c^2 + 32 a^2 c - 8 a^2 + 32 a b^2 + 32 a b + 32 a c^2 + 32 a c + 8 a - 16 b^4 - 32 b^3 + 32 b^2 c^2 + 32 b^2 c - 8 b^2 + 32 b c^2 + 32 b c + 8 b - 16 c^4 - 32 c^3 - 8 c^2 + 8 c + 3
All of the terms with coefficients of 16 or 32 will be integers after being divided by 16. So let's take them out and see what is left:
8(a-a^2) + 8(b-b^2) + 8(b-b^2) + 3
Whether a is odd or even, a-a^2 is always even because squaring maintains the same parity.
So every term except for the 3 is divisible by 16.
A^2 = An integer + 3/16
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Posted by Larry
on 2025-04-02 09:32:42 |