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Cyclic maximization (Posted on 2023-12-21) Difficulty: 3 of 5
Let x, y, z be real numbers satisfying x+y+z=0 and x2+y2+z2=6. Find the maximum value of

|(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)|

No Solution Yet Submitted by Danish Ahmed Khan    
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Solution computer solution Comment 2 of 2 |

Wolfram Alpha solves the two given equations with

y=(-s*sqrt(3)*sqrt(4-x^2)-x)/2
z=(s*sqrt(3)*sqrt(4-x^2)-x)/2

where s= +/- 1

The program (in its final form in terms of the rangeof x):

mx=0;
for x=1.97859905:.0000000001:1.97859906
  for s=[-1 1]
    y=(-s*sqrt(3)*sqrt(4-x^2)-x)/2;
    if isreal(y)
      z=(s*sqrt(3)*sqrt(4-x^2)-x)/2;
      if isreal(z) && isreal(y)
        v=abs((x-y)*(x-z)*(z-x));
        
        if v>mx
          disp([x y z v])
          mx=v;   
          mxx=x;
          mxy=y;
          mxz=z;
        end
      end
    end
  end
end
disp([mxx mxy mxz mx]);



finds the value is maximized at x =~ 1.9785990527 where the value is approximately 28.1627614887374.

x=1.9785990527 y=-0.736595467239353 z=-1.24200358546065
 |(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)|=28.1627614887374

This is very close to the value of x=2 where y and z become complex, and there may be some strange things happening, as a plot that allows complex values looks as if it's monotonically increasing with x. However, computation with extended precision, i.e. Matlab's vpa type, shows decreasing values between this value of x and x=2.

Edited on December 21, 2023, 10:38 am
  Posted by Charlie on 2023-12-21 09:27:01

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